WebOb 1.5.1

WSGI request and response object

WebOb provides objects for HTTP requests and responses. Specifically it does this by wrapping the WSGI request environment and response status/headers/app_iter(body).

The request and response objects provide many conveniences for parsing HTTP request and forming HTTP responses. Both objects are read/write: as a result, WebOb is also a nice way to create HTTP requests and parse HTTP responses.

Support and Documentation

See the WebOb Documentation website to view documentation, report bugs, and obtain support.

License

WebOb is offered under the MIT-license.

Authors

WebOb was authored by Ian Bicking and is currently maintained by the Pylons Project and a team of contributors.

1.5.1 (2015-10-30)

Bug Fixes

• The exceptions HTTPNotAcceptable, HTTPUnsupportedMediaType and HTTPNotImplemented will now correctly use the sub-classed template rather than the default error template. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/issues/221

• Response’s from_file now correctly deals with a status line that contains an HTTP version identifier. HTTP/1.1 200 OK is now correctly parsed, whereas before this would raise an error upon setting the Response.status in from_file. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/issues/121

1.5.0 (2015-10-11)

Bug Fixes

• The cookie API functions will now make sure that max_age is an integer or an string that can convert to an integer. Previously passing in max_age=’test’ would have silently done the wrong thing.

1.5.0b0 (2015-09-06)

Bug Fixes

• Unbreak req.POST when the request method is PATCH. Instead of returning something cmpletely unrelated we return NoVar. See: https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/215

Features

• HTTP Status Code 308 is now supported as a Permanent Redirect. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/207

1.5.0a1 (2015-07-30)

Backwards Incompatibilities

• Response.set_cookie renamed the only required parameter from “key” to “name”. The code will now still accept “key” as a keyword argument, and will issue a DeprecationWarning until WebOb 1.7.

• The status attribute of a Response object no longer takes a string like None None and allows that to be set as the status. It now has to at least match the pattern of <integer status code> <explenation of status code>. Invalid status strings will now raise a ValueError.

1.5.0a0 (2015-07-25)

Backwards Incompatibilities

• Morsel will no longer accept a cookie value that does not meet RFC6265’s cookie-octet specification. Upon calling Morsel.serialize a warning will be issued, in the future this will raise a ValueError, please update your cookie handling code. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/172

  The cookie-octet specification in RFC6265 states the following characters are valid in a cookie value:

  Hex Range	Actual Characters
  [0x21 ]	!
  [0x25-0x2B]	#$%&'()*+
  [0x2D-0x3A]	-./0123456789:
  [0x3C-0x5B]	<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[
  [0x5D-0x7E]	]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~

  RFC6265 suggests using base 64 to serialize data before storing data in a cookie.

  Cookies that meet the RFC6265 standard will no longer be quoted, as this is unnecessary. This is a no-op as far as browsers and cookie storage is concerned.

• Response.set_cookie now uses the internal make_cookie API, which will issue warnings if cookies are set with invalid bytes. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/172

Features

• Add support for some new caching headers, stale-while-revalidate and stale-if-error that can be used by reverse proxies to cache stale responses temporarily if the backend disappears. From RFC5861. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/189

Bug Fixes

• Response.status now uses duck-typing for integers, and has also learned to raise a ValueError if the status isn’t an integer followed by a space, and then the reason. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/191

• Fixed a bug in webob.multidict.GetDict which resulted in the QUERY_STRING not being updated when changes were made to query params using Request.GET.extend().

• Read the body of a request if we think it might have a body. This fixes PATCH to support bodies. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/184

• Response.from_file returns HTTP headers as latin1 rather than UTF-8, this fixes the usage on Google AppEngine. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/issues/99 and https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/150

• Fix a bug in parsing the auth parameters that contained bad white space. This makes the parsing fall in line with what’s required in RFC7235. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/issues/158

• Use ‘rn’ line endings in Response.__str__. See: https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/146

Documentation Changes

• response.set_cookie now has proper documentation for max_age and expires. The code has also been refactored to use cookies.make_cookie instead of duplicating the code. This fixes https://github.com/Pylons/webob/issues/166 and https://github.com/Pylons/webob/issues/171

• Documentation didn’t match the actual code for the wsgify function signature. See https://github.com/Pylons/webob/pull/167

• Remove the WebDAV only from certain HTTP Exceptions, these exceptions may also be used by REST services for example.