autolens 1.7.10

Automated Strong Gravitational Lens Modeling

PyAutoLens

When two or more galaxies are aligned perfectly down our line-of-sight, the background galaxy appears multiple times. This is called strong gravitational lensing, & PyAutoLens makes it simple to model strong gravitational lenses, like this one:

.. image:: https://github.com/Jammy2211/PyAutoLens/blob/development/imageaxis.png

Installation

PyAutoLens requires Python 3.6+ and you can install it via pip or conda (see this link <https://pyautolens.readthedocs.io/en/latest/general/installation.html#installation-with-conda>_ for conda instructions).

.. code-block:: bash

pip install autolens

Next, clone the autolens_workspace <https://github.com/Jammy2211/autolens_workspace>_, which includes PyAutoLens configuration files, example scripts and more!

.. code-block:: bash

cd /path/on/your/computer/you/want/to/put/the/autolens_workspace git clone https://github.com/Jammy2211/autolens_workspace --depth 1 cd autolens_workspace

Finally, run welcome.py in the autolens_workspace to get started!

.. code-block:: bash

python3 welcome.py

If your installation had an error, check the troubleshooting section <https://pyautolens.readthedocs.io/en/latest/general/installation.html#trouble-shooting>_ on our readthedocs.

If you would prefer to Fork or Clone the PyAutoLens GitHub repo, checkout the cloning section <https://pyautolens.readthedocs.io/en/latest/general/installation.html#forking-cloning>_ on our readthedocs.

API Overview

Lensing calculations are performed in PyAutoLens by building a Tracer object from LightProfile, MassProfile and Galaxy objects. Below, we create a simple strong lens system where a redshift 0.5 lens Galaxy with an EllipticalIsothermal MassProfile lenses a background source at redshift 1.0 with an EllipticalExponential LightProfile representing a disk.

.. code-block:: python

import autolens as al
import autolens.plot as aplt
from astropy import cosmology as cosmo

"""
To describe the deflection of light by mass, two-dimensional grids of (y,x) Cartesian
coordinates are used.
"""

grid = al.Grid.uniform(
    shape_2d=(50, 50),
    pixel_scales=0.05,  # <- Conversion from pixel units to arc-seconds.
)

"""The lens galaxy has an EllipticalIsothermal MassProfile and is at redshift 0.5."""

mass = al.mp.EllipticalIsothermal(
    centre=(0.0, 0.0), elliptical_comps=(0.1, 0.05), einstein_radius=1.6
)

lens_galaxy = al.Galaxy(redshift=0.5, mass=mass)

"""The source galaxy has an EllipticalExponential LightProfile and is at redshift 1.0."""

disk = al.lp.EllipticalExponential(
    centre=(0.3, 0.2),
    elliptical_comps=(0.05, 0.25),
    intensity=0.05,
    effective_radius=0.5,
)

source_galaxy = al.Galaxy(redshift=1.0, disk=disk)

"""
We create the strong lens using a Tracer, which uses the galaxies, their redshifts
and an input cosmology to determine how light is deflected on its path to Earth.
"""

tracer = al.Tracer.from_galaxies(
    galaxies=[lens_galaxy, source_galaxy], cosmology=cosmo.Planck15
)

"""
We can use the Grid and Tracer to perform many lensing calculations, for example
plotting the image of the lensed source.
"""

aplt.Tracer.image(tracer=tracer, grid=grid)

With PyAutoLens, you can begin modeling a lens in just a couple of minutes. The example below demonstrates a simple analysis which fits the lens galaxy's mass with an EllipticalIsothermal and the source galaxy's light with an EllipticalSersic.

.. code-block:: python

import autofit as af
import autolens as al
import autolens.plot as aplt

"""Load Imaging data of the strong lens from the dataset folder of the workspace."""

imaging = al.Imaging.from_fits(
    image_path="/path/to/dataset/image.fits",
    noise_map_path="/path/to/dataset/noise_map.fits",
    psf_path="/path/to/dataset/psf.fits",
    pixel_scales=0.1,
)

"""Create a mask for the data, which we setup as a 3.0" circle."""

mask = al.Mask2D.circular(
    shape_2d=imaging.shape_2d, pixel_scales=imaging.pixel_scales, radius=3.0
)

"""
We model the lens galaxy using an EllipticalIsothermal MassProfile and
the source galaxy using an EllipticalSersic LightProfile.
"""

lens_mass_profile = al.mp.EllipticalIsothermal
source_light_profile = al.lp.EllipticalSersic

"""
To setup these profiles as model components whose parameters are free & fitted for
we use the GalaxyModel class.
"""

lens_galaxy_model = al.GalaxyModel(redshift=0.5, mass=lens_mass_profile)
source_galaxy_model = al.GalaxyModel(redshift=1.0, disk=source_light_profile)

"""
To perform the analysis we set up a phase, which takes our galaxy models & fits
their parameters using a NonLinearSearch (in this case, Dynesty).
"""

phase = al.PhaseImaging(
    search=af.DynestyStatic(name="phase[example]",n_live_points=50),
    galaxies=dict(lens=lens_galaxy_model, source=source_galaxy_model),
)

"""
We pass the imaging dataset and mask to the phase's run function,
fitting it with the lens model. & plot the resulting fit.
"""

result = phase.run(dataset=imaging, mask=mask)

"""
The results contain information on the fit, for example the maximum likelihood
model from the Dynesty parameter space search.
"""

print(result.samples.max_log_likelihood_instance)

Getting Started

To get started checkout our readthedocs <https://pyautolens.readthedocs.io/>, where you'll find the installation guide, a complete overview of PyAutoLens's features, examples scripts and tutorials, detailed API documentation and the HowToLens Jupyter notebook lecture series <https://pyautolens.readthedocs.io/en/latest/howtolens/howtolens.html> on which introduces new users to strong gravitational lensing with PyAutoLens.

Support

Support for installation issues, help with lens modeling and using PyAutoLens is available by raising an issue on the autolens_workspace GitHub page <https://github.com/Jammy2211/autolens_workspace/issues>. or joining the PyAutoLens Slack channel <https://pyautolens.slack.com/>, where we also provide the latest updates on PyAutoLens.

Slack is invitation-only, so if you'd like to join send an email <https://github.com/Jammy2211>_ requesting an invite.