py-ciu 0.0.2

Python documentation generator

py-ciu

Explainable Machine Learning through Contextual Importance and Utility

The py-ciu library provides methods to generate post-hoc explanations for machine learning-based classifiers. It is model agnostic and answers the following questions, given a classification decision:

• How important is a specific feature or feature combination for the classification decision? (Contextual Importance, CI)

• How typical is a specific feature or feature combination for the given class? (Contextual Utility, CU)

Usage

Install py-ciu:

pip install py-ciu

Import the library:

from ciu import determine_ciu

For the sake of the example, let us also import a data generator, create a synthetic data set, and train a model:

from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
from ciu_tests.loan_data_generator import generate_data

data = generate_data()
train_data = data['train'][1]
test_data = data
test_data_encoded = data['test'][1].drop(['approved'], axis=1)
random_forest = RandomForestClassifier(
    n_estimators=1000,
    random_state=42
)

labels = train_data[['approved']].values.ravel()
data = train_data.drop(['approved'], axis=1)
random_forest.fit(data, labels)

Then we classify the case we want to explain and determine the prediction index for the class we are interested in:

feature_names = [
    'age', 'assets', 'monthly_income', 'gender_female', 'gender_male',
    'gender_other', 'job_type_fixed', 'job_type_none', 'job_type_permanent'
]

case = test_data_encoded.values[0]
example_prediction = random_forest.predict([test_data_encoded.values[0]])
example_prediction_prob = random_forest.predict_proba([test_data_encoded.values[0]])
prediction_index = 0 if example_prediction[0] > 0.5 else 1

print(feature_names)
print(f'Case: {case}; Prediction {example_prediction}; Probability: {example_prediction_prob}')

Now, we can call py-ciu's determine_ciu function. The function takes the following parameters:

• case_data: A dictionary that contains the data of the case.

• predictor: The prediction function of the black-box model py-ciu should call.

• min_maxs: A dictionary that contains the feature name (key) and a list of minimal, maximal value, plus a value that indicates if the value has to be an integer ('feature_name': [min, max, is_int]).

• samples (optional): The number of samples py-ciu will generate. Defaults to 1000.

• prediction_index (optional): In case the model returns several predictions, it is possible to provide the index of the relevant prediction. Defaults to None.

• category_mapping (optional): A mapping of one-hot encoded categorical variables to lists of categories and category names. Defaults to None.

• feature_interactions (optional): A list of {key: list} tuples of features whose interactions should be evaluated. Defaults to [].

We configure the CIU parameters and call the CIU function:

category_mapping = {
    'gender': ['gender_female', 'gender_male', 'gender_other'],
    'job_type': ['job_type_fixed', 'job_type_none', 'job_type_permanent']
}

feature_interactions = [{'assets_income': ['assets', 'monthly_income']}]

ciu = determine_ciu(
    test_data_encoded.iloc[0, :].to_dict(),
    random_forest.predict_proba,
    {
        'age': [20, 70, True],
        'assets': [-20000, 150000, True],
        'monthly_income': [0, 20000, True],
        'gender_female': [0, 1, True],
        'gender_male': [0, 1, True],
        'gender_other': [0, 1, True],
        'job_type_fixed': [0, 1, True],
        'job_type_none': [0, 1, True],
        'job_type_permanent': [0, 1, True]
    },
    1000,
    prediction_index,
    category_mapping,
    feature_interactions
)

The function returns a ciu object, from which we retrieve the CIU metrics:

print(ciu.ci, ciu.cu)

We can also auto-generate CIU plots:

ciu.plot_ci()
ciu.plot_cu()

Moreover, we can generate textual explanations based on CIU:

print(ciu.text_explain())

Take a look at the examples directory to learn more.

Authors

• Timotheus Kampik

• Sule Anjomshoae

License

The library is released under the BSD Clause-2 License.